Techno-economic analysis of a combined heat and power system integrating hybrid photovoltaic-thermal collectors, a Stirling engine and energy storage

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the energetic, economic and environmental performance micro-combined heat power (CHP) system that comprises 29.5 m2 hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collectors, 1-kWe Stirling engine (SE) energy storage. First, model for solar micro-CHP system, which includes validated transient SE unit, is developed. Parametric analyses are performed throughout year to evaluate effects key component sizes operating parameters, including collector flow rate, storage tank size, battery capacity, on proposed using real hourly weather data, thermal electrical demand profiles detached house located in London (UK). The optimum parameters determined accordingly. daily monthly characteristics evaluated, its annual compared those reference (gas boiler plus grid electricity), as well other alternative solar-CHP systems PVT-assisted pump standalone PVT system. results indicate installation such can achieve an electricity self-sufficiency 87% coverage 99%, along with primary savings carbon emission reduction rate 35% 37% relative Over 30 years operation, net present value (NPV) £1990 discounted payback period 28 years. economics very sensitive utility prices, especially purchase price. Relative systems, offers greater benefits but has longer period. implies although saving potential significant, initial/capital investment, CHP unit array, currently high, so efforts should focus cost these technologies.